Fuel gas shall not be used from cylinders through torches or other devices which are equipped with shutoff valves without reducing the pressure through a suitable regulator attached to the cylinder valve or manifold. 1926.1433 - Design, construction and testing. Inform exposed employees by posting danger signs or by any other equally effective means, of the existence and location of, and the danger posed by, each permit space; and Fuel gas and oxygen manifolds shall bear the name of the substance they contain in letters at least 1-inch high which shall be either painted on the manifold or on a sign permanently attached to it. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, Inert-gas Metal-Arc Welding (Non-ferrous) 1/16- to 5/32-inch electrodes. 0000006146 00000 n 1926.1426 - Free fall and controlled load lowering. 1926.1203 (c) Each employer who identifies, or receives notice of, a permit space and has not authorized employees it directs to work in that space must take effective measures to prevent those employees from entering that permit space, in addition to complying with all other applicable requirements of this standard. Fuel gas hose and oxygen hose shall be easily distinguishable from each other. 1926.1103 - 13 Carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.). This republication developed a single set of OSHA regulations for both labor and management forces within the construction industry. CHAPTER XVII - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR PART 1926 - SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION Subpart F - Fire Protection and Prevention 29 CFR Subpart F - Fire Protection and Prevention CFR prev | next 1926.150 Fire protection. 1926.606 - Definitions applicable to this subpart. 1926.1211 - Rescue and emergency services. The permit acts as a checklist to ensure precautions are taken to prevent the ignition of inflammable or combustible materials in a 35-foot area surrounding the work. 0000018041 00000 n Ask what a fire watch is. When practical, objects to be welded, cut, or heated shall be moved to a designated safe location or, if the objects to be welded, cut, or heated cannot be readily moved, all movable fire hazards in the vicinity shall be taken to a safe place, or otherwise protected. 1926.650 - Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart. Cylinders shall be placed where they cannot become part of an electrical circuit. Ventilation and employee protection in welding, cutting and heating -. Empty containers shall be removed from the hot work area. Entry into the permit space under the terms of paragraph (e)(1) of this section is performed in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (e)(2) of this section. 1926.1213 - Provision of documents to Secretary. 1926.913 - Blasting in excavation work under compressed air. Any employee who enters the space, or that employee's authorized representative, must be provided with an opportunity to observe the testing required by this paragraph (e)(2)(vi). 0000005574 00000 n 1926.350 Gas Welding and Cutting 1926.350 (a) Transporting, Moving, and Storing Compressed Gas Cylinders 1926.350 (a) (1) Valve protection caps shall be in place and secured. 1926.97 - Electrical protective equipment. If any employer decides that employees it directs will enter a permit space, that employer must have a written permit space program that complies with 1926.1204 implemented at the construction site. %PDF-1.7 % Those measures can include, but are not limited to, the lockout or tagging of equipment and procedures for purging, inerting, ventilating, and flushing permit spaces. Torches shall be lighted by friction lighters or other approved devices, and not by matches or from hot work. 1926 Subpart E - Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment. Some of the rules apply to dangerous jobs like hot worksuch as welding and cuttingrequired for activities as diverse as bio-pharmacy, food production, nuclear power generation, and aviation. For the elimination of possible fire in enclosed spaces as a result of gas escaping through leaking or improperly closed torch valves, the gas supply to the torch shall be positively shut off at some point outside the enclosed space whenever the torch is not to be used or whenever the torch is left unattended for a substantial period of time, such as during the lunch period. This Safe Work Permits eBook will cover important details of the following federal regulations, including definitions, key requirements, and exemptions (if any) to ensure safety compliance in the workplace. Where required by your AHJ, use this fillable PDF form to complete and submit your AHJ Hot Work Permit application electronically - saves time printing and scanning! Hot work areas shall not be less than 35 feet from combustible materials and combustible waste Permit space entry is performed at the same time that any activities that could foreseeably result in a hazard in the permit space are performed. This requirement may be met by inserting a reference on the entry permit as to the means used, such as a roster or tracking system, to keep track of the authorized entrants within the permit space. 1926 Subpart L App E - Drawings and Illustrations. 0000013064 00000 n 1926.432 - Environmental deterioration of equipment. 1926.406 - Specific purpose equipment and installations. Before entry operations begin, the host employer must provide the following information, if it has it, to the controlling contractor: The hazards or potential hazards in each space or the reason it is a permit space; and. Oxygen cylinders in storage shall be separated from fuel-gas cylinders or combustible materials (especially oil or grease), a minimum distance of 20 feet (6.1 m) or by a noncombustible barrier at least 5 feet (1.5 m) high having a fire-resistance rating of at least one-half hour. The employer must ensure a safe method of entering and exiting the space. 0000048630 00000 n 1926.1432 - Multiple-crane/derrick liftssupplemental requirements. Cylinders, cylinder caps and valves, couplings, regulators, hose, and apparatus shall be kept free from oil or greasy substances and shall not be handled with oily hands or gloves. 0000075649 00000 n 0000052089 00000 n Current Edition: 2019 If the leak continues, the cylinder shall be tagged, removed from service, and moved to a location where the leak will not be hazardous. 1926.350 (a) (2) When cylinders are hoisted, they shall be secured on a cradle, slingboard, or pallet. 1926.12 - Reorganization Plan No. Suitable fire extinguishing equipment shall be immediately available in the work area and shall be maintained in a state of readiness for instant use. 2. Surfaces prepared with chlorinated solvents shall be thoroughly dry before welding is performed on them. For welding, cutting and heating on steel pipelines containing natural gas, the pertinent portions of regulations issued by the Department of Transportation, Office of Pipeline Safety, 49 CFR part 192, Minimum Federal Safety Standards for Gas Pipelines, shall apply. 1926.407 - Hazardous (classified) locations. Hoses, cables, and other equipment shall be kept clear of passageways, ladders and stairs. This type of work can include welding, flame cutting, grinding, soldering, brazing and other activities that have the potential to cause fires or explosions. Some OSHA regulations require a specific retention period for documents. 0000006757 00000 n Use the e-signature solution to e-sign the form. 1926.1205 (b) Before entry begins, the entry supervisor identified on the permit must sign the entry permit to authorize entry. 1926.305 - Jacks-lever and ratchet, screw, and hydraulic. 0000009657 00000 n 1926.706 - Requirements for masonry construction. Means of detecting an increase in atmospheric hazard levels in the event the ventilation system stops working; Each person, by name, currently serving as an attendant; The individual, by name, currently serving as entry supervisor, and the signature or initials of each entry supervisor who authorizes entry; The hazards of the permit space to be entered; The measures used to isolate the permit space and to eliminate or control permit space hazards before entry; Clogged torch tip openings shall be cleaned with suitable cleaning wires, drills, or other devices designed for such purpose. 1926 Subpart H - Materials Handling, Storage, Use, and Disposal. Arc welding and cutting operations shall be separated from other operations by shields, screens, or curtains to protect employees in the vicinity from the direct rays and sparks of the arc. Before entry is authorized, each entry employer must document the completion of measures required by 1926.1204 (c) by preparing an entry permit. 1926.1427 - Operator training, certification, and evaluation. 1926.851 - Stairs, passageways, and ladders. No hazardous atmosphere is permitted within the space whenever any employee is inside the space. Similar precautions shall be taken regarding cracks or holes in walls, open doorways and open or broken windows. 0000004560 00000 n 1926.352 (a) When practical, objects to be welded, cut, or heated shall be moved to a designated safe location or, if the objects to be welded, cut, or heated cannot be readily moved, all movable fire hazards in the vicinity shall be taken to a safe place, or otherwise protected. No damaged or defective cylinder shall be used. If there is no controlling contractor present at the worksite, the requirements for, and role of, controlling contactors in this section must be fulfilled by the host employer or other employer who arranges to have employees of another employer perform work that involves permit space entry. 1926.352 (b) A fire watch is an employee familiar with the work to be done, who watches whenever welding, cutting or other hot work is performed. Training. 0000019582 00000 n Employees exposed to radiation shall have their skin covered completely to prevent ultraviolet burns and damage. 0000001616 00000 n Oxygen and fuel hoses shall not be interchangeable. Occupational Safety & Health Administration. 1926.107 - Definitions applicable to this subpart. 0000054473 00000 n When the hot work operation is such that normal fire prevention precautions are not sufficient, additional personnel shall be assigned to guard against fire during hot work and for a sufficient time after completion of the work to ensure that no fire hazard remains. The employer shall thoroughly instruct employees in the safe use of fuel gas, as follows: Before a regulator to a cylinder valve is connected, the valve shall be opened slightly and closed immediately. The hot work permit helps the permit authorizing individual, hot work operator, and fire watch recognize potential hazards. 1926.11 - Coverage under section 103 of the act distinguished. If this action does not stop the leak, the use of the cylinder shall be discontinued, and it shall be properly tagged and removed from the work area. Transporting, moving, and storing compressed gas cylinders. 0000054149 00000 n Provide the following information to each entity entering a permit space and any other entity at the worksite whose activities could foreseeably result in a hazard in the permit space: The information received from the host employer; Any additional information the controlling contractor has about the subjects listed in paragraph (h)(1) of this section; and. osha hot work permit requirements 1926. hot work procedure. Some of these requirements include: 29 CFR 1926.352 - Welding, and Cutting Fire Prevention FCC Hot Work Program New York State Fire Code (NYSFC) Chapter 35 0000052551 00000 n 0000013825 00000 n Pressure regulators, including associated gauges, shall be maintained in safe working order. Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work. 1926.700 - Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart. 1926 Subpart C - General Safety and Health Provisions. $ B1!EFs)60rp(|^PA@F 3:$ |#a "P5?i&&(0D [Ch-K {;WL+Ss]rf|~ 0000008494 00000 n The permit shall document that the fire prevention and protection requirements in 29 CFR 1910.252 (a) have been implemented prior to beginning the hot work operations, indicate the date (s) authorized for hot work, and identify the object on which hot work is to be performed (68.85). [48 FR 30909, July 5, 1983; 62 FR 40141, July 25, 1997; 65 FR 40942, June 30, 2000], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Filter lenses shall have an appropriate shade number, as indicated in Table G-1, for the work performed. Version Date Comments 5 March, 2012 Revised document 6 June, 2015 Update code citation - SFPC 2012 A. 1926.22 - Recording and reporting of injuries. Use of fuel gas. 0000008381 00000 n When welders are exposed to their own arc or to each other's arc, filter lenses complying with the requirements of paragraph (h) of this section shall be worn to protect against flashes and radiant energy. [44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979; 44 FR 20940, Apr. A space classified by an employer as a permit-required confined space may only be reclassified as a non-permit confined space when a competent person determines that all of the applicable requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this section have been met: If the permit space poses no actual or potential atmospheric hazards and if all hazards within the space are eliminated or isolated without entry into the space (unless the employer can demonstrate that doing so without entry is infeasible), the permit space may be reclassified as a non-permit confined space for as long as the non-atmospheric hazards remain eliminated or isolated; The entry employer must eliminate or isolate the hazards without entering the space, unless it can demonstrate that this is infeasible. Employees shall not engage in and shall not be exposed to the inert-gas metal-arc welding process unless the following precautions are taken: Chlorinated solvents shall not be used within 200 feet (61 m) of the exposed arc. Expanding on OSHA's definition, hot work means welding, brazing, cutting, soldering, thawing pipes, using heat guns, torch applied roofing and chipping operations, or the use of spark . 1926.958 - Materials handling and storage. Cylinders containing oxygen or acetylene or other fuel gas shall not be taken into confined spaces. Grounding circuits shall have resistance low enough to permit sufficient current to flow to cause the fuse or circuit breaker to interrupt the current. 1926.417 - Lockout and tagging of circuits. 0000046103 00000 n 1926.250 - General requirements for storage. Valves shall not be cracked if gas could reach possible sources of ignition; Cylinder valves shall be opened slowly to prevent regulator damage and shall not be opened more than 1 turns. Assigned storage places shall be located where cylinders will not be knocked over or damaged by passing or falling objects, or subject to tampering by unauthorized persons. @0 CP KkW@M | Rd~3wO`;Kvn5wse>Ed}< E]GN6p:K}qc[uvB_ks1WeO.){}4WKicZjz.,vK`nRQWxyKf!Krd^W`Og37wr6S5BMP_/JVp 0 1926.353 - Ventilation and protection in welding, cutting, and heating. 1926.449 - Definitions applicable to this subpart. In the case of manifolded or coupled cylinders, at least one such wrench shall always be available for immediate use. }m?"Qwk&Ubm5"W`K`!xC_[2Vk"e,X,bYGv`[=. 1926 Subpart R App E - Training: Non-mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.761. When a cable other than the lead mentioned in paragraph (e)(2)(ii) of this section wears and exposes bare conductors, the portion exposed shall not be used until it is protected by insulation equivalent in performance capacity to the original. Oil shall not be used to lubricate caps; Shall be hoisted only while secured, as on a cradle or pallet, and shall not be hoisted by magnet, choker sling or cylinder caps; Shall be moved only by tilting or rolling on their bottom edges; Shall have valves closed when cylinders are empty, being moved or stored; Shall be secured upright except when hoisted or carried; Shall not be freed when frozen by prying the valves or caps with bars or by hitting the valve with a tool; Shall not be exposed to sparks, hot slag, or flame; Shall not be permitted to become part of electrical circuits or have electrodes struck against them to strike arcs; Shall not be used as rollers or supports; Shall not have contents used for purposes not authorized by the supplier; Shall not be used if damaged or defective; Shall not have gases mixed within, except by gas suppliers; Shall be stored so that oxygen cylinders are separated from fuel gas cylinders and combustible materials by either a minimum distance of 20 feet (6.1 m) or a barrier having a fire-resistance rating of 30 minutes; and. Oxygen shall not be directed at oily surfaces, greasy clothes, or within a fuel oil or other storage tank or vessel. 0000009020 00000 n %\9 1926.500 - Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart. When cylinders are transported by powered vehicles, they shall be secured in a vertical position. 1926.858 - Removal of steel construction. 1926.1203 (d) 1926 Subpart R App H - Double Connections: Illustration of a Clipped End Connection and a Staggered Connection: Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.756(c)(1). Arc welding and cutting cables shall be insulated, flexible and capable of handling the maximum current required by the operations, taking into account the duty cycles. Articles from Wex Table of Popular Names Parallel Table of Authorities In confined or enclosed spaces, hot work involving the following metals shall only be performed with general mechanical or local exhaust ventilation that ensures that employees are not exposed to hazardous levels of fumes: Chromium-bearing metals or metals coated with chromium-bearing materials. 0000009221 00000 n 1926.914 - Definitions applicable to this subpart. 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Compressed gas cylinders shall be secured in an upright position at all times except, if necessary, for short periods of time while cylinders are actually being hoisted or carried. 1926 Subpart R App A - Guidelines for establishing the components of a site-specific erection plan: Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.752(e). Yann Wehrling, vice-prsident de la rgion le-de-France, charg de la Transition cologique, et Patrice Leclerc, maire de Gennevilliers et Prsident du groupe Front De Gauche la . 1926.964 - Overhead lines and live-line barehand work. 0000010051 00000 n The person cracking the valve shall stand to one side of the outlet, not in front of it. INTRODUCTION . A Hot Work Permit is required whenever any hot work activity is conducted outside of an area designated for hot work. Cylinders shall be kept far enough away from the actual welding or cutting operation so that sparks, hot slag, or flame will not reach them. Where practicable all combustibles shall be relocated at least 35 feet from the work site. All hose in use, carrying acetylene, oxygen, natural or manufactured fuel gas, or any gas or substance which may ignite or enter into combustion, or be in any way harmful to employees, shall be inspected at the beginning of each working shift. 0000066083 00000 n Structures or pipelines forming a temporary ground return circuit shall have electrical contact at all joints. 0000002304 00000 n Displaying signs in areas where performing hot work is prohibited. Get access to thousands of forms. 1926 Subpart Y App A - Examples of Conditions Which May Restrict or Limit Exposure to Hyperbaric Conditions, 1926 Subpart Y App B - Guidelines for Scientific Diving, 1926 Subpart Z - Toxic and Hazardous Substances, 1926.1101 App A - OSHA Reference Method - Mandatory, 1926.1101 App B - Sampling and Analysis - Non-mandatory, 1926.1101 App C - Qualitative and quantitative fit testing procedures - Mandatory, 1926.1101 App D - Medical Questionnaires; Mandatory, 1926.1101 App E - Classification of Chest X-Rays - Mandatory, 1926.1101 App F - Work practices and engineering controls for Class I Asbestos Operations - non-mandatory, 1926.1101 App H - Substance Technical Information for Asbestos - Non-Mandatory, 1926.1101 App I - Medical Surveillance Guidelines for Asbestos, Non-Mandatory, 1926.1101 App J - Smoking cessation program information for asbestos, non-mandatory, 1926.1101 App K - Polarized Light Microscopy of Asbestos - Non-Mandatory. 0000014279 00000 n Hose connections shall be kept free of grease and oil. Nothing shall be placed on top of a manifold, when in use, which will damage the manifold or interfere with the quick closing of the valves. Building: Location: Description of Hot Work: Name of Hot Work Operator: Helmets and hand shields shall not have leaks, openings or highly reflective surfaces. 1926.1208 - Duties of authorized entrants. CFR Toolbox Law about. When oxygen and fuel gas hoses are taped together, not more than four (4) of each 12 inches (10.16 cm of each 30.48 cm) shall be taped. Workers, supervisors, fire wardens, and contractors should be trained specific to their roles. Inert-gas metal-arc welding. H\n0z The atmosphere within the space must be continuously monitored unless the entry employer can demonstrate that equipment for continuous monitoring is not commercially available or periodic monitoring is sufficient. Permits can be requested at any time by using the on-line application form. 0000009131 00000 n 4. The OSHA 300 Log must be maintained by employers unless there is an exemption, based on the NAICS code or the size of . Before entry operations begin, the controlling contractor must: Obtain the host employer's information about the permit space hazards and previous entry operations; and. 1926.906 - Initiation of explosive charges-electric blasting. The employer must implement measures to protect employees from the hazard before any subsequent entry takes place. Areas can be protected with the use of welding pads, blankets, or curtains, clearing combustibles from a 35-ft (11-m) radius space around the hot work, or moving the hot work to an area free of combustibles. 1926.1420 - Signalsradio, telephone or other electronic transmission of signals. No welding, cutting, or heating shall be done where the application of flammable paints, or the presence of other flammable compounds, or heavy dust concentrations creates a hazard. Before heat is applied to a drum, container or hollow structure, an opening to release built-up pressure during heat application shall be provided. 1926.1410 - Power line safety (all voltages)equipment operations closer than the Table A zone. In confined or enclosed spaces, hot work involving the following metals shall only be performed with local exhaust ventilation meeting the requirements of paragraph (f)(1) of this section or by employees wearing supplied air respirators in accordance with 1910.134; Zinc-bearing base or filler metals or metals coated with zinc-bearing materials; Metals containing lead other than as an impurity, or coated with lead-bearing materials; Cadmium-bearing or cadmium-coated base metals; and. A Hot Work . Pressure regulators. |_W+ 1926.30 - Shipbuilding and ship repairing. Bulk sulphur is excluded from this prohibition if suitable precautions are followed, the person in charge is knowledgeable and the person performing the work has been instructed in preventing and extinguishing sulphur fires. 1926.104 - Safety belts, lifelines, and lanyards. The in-plant handling, storage, and utilization of all compressed gases in cylinders, portable tanks, rail tankcars, or motor vehicle cargo tanks shall be in accordance with Compressed Gas Association Pamphlet P-1-1965. 1926 Subpart O - Motor Vehicles, Mechanized Equipment, and Marine Operations. 1926.902 - Surface transportation of explosives. When welding, cutting, or heating is performed on walls, floors, and ceilings, since direct penetration of sparks or heat transfer may introduce a fire hazard to an adjacent area, the same precautions shall be taken on the opposite side as are taken on the side on which the welding is being performed. When work is finished, when cylinders are empty, or when cylinders are moved at any time, the cylinder valve shall be closed. They shall not be intentionally dropped, struck, or permitted to strike each other violently. 1926.1205 (c) Structures or pipelines, other than those containing gases or flammable liquids or conduits containing electrical circuits, may be used in the ground return circuit if their current-carrying capacity equals or exceeds the total maximum output capacities of the welding or cutting units served. Variations of one or two shade numbers are permissible to suit individual preferences. hot work training. hb`````P}AX8v00 x(dAn^>OM 5a&FAA@2 (h `@y mA`93N03d7(`pa8 TPj~!A2uWqV )2,[X{0=# For quick closing, valves on fuel gas cylinders shall not be opened more than 1 12 turns. 1926.1002 - Protective frames (roll-over protective structures, known as ROPS) for wheel-type agricultural and industrial tractors used in construction. The tips below can help you fill out Osha Hot Work Permit Form Pdf easily and quickly: Open the template in the full-fledged online editor by hitting Get form. No one shall use a cylinder's contents for purposes other than those intended by the supplier. The certification must be made before entry and must be made available to each employee entering the space or to that employee's authorized representative. 1926.854 - Removal of walls, masonry sections, and chimneys. Drums, containers or hollow structures that have contained flammable or combustible substances shall either be filled with water or cleaned, and shall then be ventilated. Hose shall be inspected before use. Open end fuel gas and oxygen hoses shall be immediately removed from enclosed spaces when they are disconnected from the torch or other gas-consuming device. Includes how employers must control respiratory hazards in the space; testing the internal atmosphere; and what to document for each entry. Hot work shall not be performed in a confined space until a designated person has tested the atmosphere and determined that it is not hazardous. ___ A Fire Watch has been posted, if it is required, during hot work operations and for 30 minutes after work has been completed. 1926.1405 - Disassemblyadditional requirements for dismantling of booms and jibs (applies to both the use of manufacturer procedures and employer procedures). The contrast may be made by different colors or by surface characteristics readily distinguishable by the sense of touch. Permits can only be issued when the RMS Fire Prevention staff is at work, RMS office hours are weekdays between 8:00 am and 5:00 pm (holidays excluded). 1926 Subpart R App F - Perimeter Columns: Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.756(e) To Protect the Unprotected Side or Edge of a Walking/Working Surface. 1926.60 App A - Substance Data Sheet, for 4-4'-METHYLENEDIANILINE, 1926.60 App B - Substance Technical Guidelines, MDA, 1926.60 App C - Medical Surveillance Guidelines for MDA, 1926.60 App D - Sampling and Analytical Methods for MDA Monitoring and Measurement Procedures. Only cable free from repair or splice for 10 feet (3 m) from the electrode holder shall be used unless insulated connectors or splices with insulating quality equal to that of the cable are provided. 1929 wheat penny. Gas welding equipment shall be maintained free of oil and grease. 1926.652 - Requirements for protective systems. 1926.651 - Specific Excavation Requirements. 0000052752 00000 n 1910.252 (a) (1) (ii) Guards. Welding, cutting and heating on preservative coatings. Defective hose shall not be used. a. OSHA amended 29 CFR Part 1960 to implement its "Multi-Employer Worksite Policy" in the federal sector, as stated in 60 Federal Register (FR) 35040. 1926.705 - Requirements for lift-slab construction operations. 1926.14 - Federal contract for "mixed" types of performance. hot work. Confined spaces and permit spaces. 0000035922 00000 n Fuel gas and oxygen hoses shall be easily distinguishable from each other by color or sense of touch. Other OSHA regulations, however, do not (although it is often advisable to retain certain documents even if retention is. 1926.350 (a) (2) When cylinders are hoisted, they shall be secured on a cradle, slingboard, or pallet. Occupational Safety & Health Administration. 1926.405 - Wiring methods, components, and equipment for general use. Cn|lv }9! . The entry permit that documents compliance with this section and authorizes entry to a permit space must identify: 1926.1206 (a) The permit space to be entered; 1926.1206 (b) The purpose of the entry; 1926.1206 (c) The date and the authorized duration of the entry permit; 1926.1206 (d) All cylinders used shall meet the Department of Transportation requirements published in 49 CFR part 178, subpart C, Specification for Cylinders.